This work is in the public domain in France for one of the following reasons:

• Its author (or the last of its authors in the case of a collaboration work) died more than 70 years ago (CPI art. L123-1) and did not benefit from any copyright extension (CPI art. L123-8, L123-9 and L123-10)^[1];
• It is an anonymous or pseudonymous work (the identity of the author has never been disclosed) or a collective work^[2] and more than 70 years have passed since its publication (CPI art. L123-3);
• It is the recording of an audiovisual or musical work already in the public domain, and more than 50 years have passed since the performance or the recording (CPI art. L211-4).

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Please note that moral rights still apply when the work is in the public domain. They encompass, among others, the right to the respect of the author's name, quality and work (CPI art. L121-1). Attribution therefore remains mandatory.

1. ↑ Copyright extensions must be considered only in the case of musical works and of authors Mort pour la France (died during conflict, in the service of France). In other cases, they are included in the 70 years post mortem auctoris length (see this statement of the Cour de Cassation).
2. ↑ The collective work status is quite restrictive, please make sure that it is actually established.

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According to the decree No. 22/2018/ND-CP of February 23, 2013, documents specified in Clause 2, Article 15 of the Intellectual Property Law includes "documents issued by state agencies, political organizations, socio-political organizations, sociopolitical-professional organizations, social organizations, socio-professional organizations and people’s armed forces units.".

Hence it is assumed that this legal document, administrative document or other judicial document is not covered by copyright protection

Note: The usage of coats of arms and flags is governed by legal restrictions, independent of the copyright status of the depiction shown here.

Warning: The template is for images of scanned text documents only.

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